The last thirty years saw a rise in the incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and it is now one of the most common neoplasms. Lymphomagenesis is a complex process and that many of the pathologic subtypes of lymphoma have different etiologies. Thus, the study of environmental factors becomes more and more important. This paper reviewed the research advance on the role of environmental factors in the etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.