Although tissue engineering has been thought of having great potential in organ regeneration, there are still some bottlenecks, such as immune rejection of the scaffold materials, inflammation caused by fibrosis as well as cell proliferation within the stent material. Cell sheet transplantation, by which cultured cells can be harvested as intact sheets, has much superiority over traditional tissue engineering. The cell sheet, with no need of scaffold, can be transplanted by single piece or forming three-dimensional structure through same or a different cell sheet stack with each other. It avoids the complication of scaffold material degradation and will have a prosperous application in the future.
