Periodontal ligament stem cell niche is the micro-environment surrounding of the periodontal stem cells, containing the supporting cells of stem cells, adhesion molecules and matrix composition. It is maybe more reasonable to make the periodontal stem cells and their niche to be a whole functional subject during physiologic and pathologic processes. We will review the factors that related to periodontal ligament stem cell niche especially in the process of periodontal tissue regeneration.