The dynamic balance between bone formation and bone resorption is regulated by many factors. Osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand are the key regulatory factors. This article reviewed the regulation mechanism of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, transforming growth factor -β, monoacylglycerol acyltransferase -2, osteoprotegerin, osteoactivin and sympathetic nervous system in bone metabolism.
