The periodontal tissue engineering has been a striking research on the treatment of periodontal disease, and the periodontal ligament stem cell is one of the key seed cells on the periodontal tissue engineering. In this study, a related research on periodontal tissue engineering, and the source, isolated and cultured, cell phenotype, biological characteristics, influential factor of function, molecular regulation on the periodontal ligament stem cells would be reviewed, meanwhile the challenges and prospects on it would be discussed.
