As the ligand of natural killer group 2 member D(NKG2D), major histocompatibility complex classⅠ chain-related protein A(MICA) can combine with NKG2D to activate immunosurveillance mechanism of nature killer cells. This review concludes the research advances concerning the expression and regulation of the MICANKG2D passageway, and their expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from the latest five years papers.