Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as a primary causative agent of dental caries in humans. And its cell surface protein is known to be one of the significant virulence factors, which has a strong relationship with cariogenic characteristic. This review paid attention to the research progress of biological property, molecular cloning of the encoding gene, main structure and function of the surface protein, in order to provide some reference for further studies about etiology and prevention of dental caries.
