Objective To investigate the morphology of the first permanent premolars from some youth and junior in Shandong region and provide anatomic data and therapy basis for clinical treatment, education and scientific research in department of stomatology. Methods One hundred and forty six freshly extracted first permanent premolars of youth and junior in Shandong region were collected and grouped by position and gender for 8 groups. The teeth were measured according to the established method, including the length of tooth, height of dental crown, length of dental root, the ratio of height of dental crown and length of dental root, width of dental crown, width of dental neck, the ratio of width of dental crown and width of dental neck, deep of dental crown, depth of dental neck, the ratio of deep of dental crown and depth of dental neck. Then the data were analyzed using the SPSS 13.0 software package. Results Some anatomic data of the first permanent premolars of hobbledehoy in Shandong region were obtained. Conclusion The anatomic data between the right and left position of the same gender had no difference and between different gender of the same position had some differences.