Periodontal disease is characterized by both inflammation and bone loss. Advances in research in the intimate relationship of them have resulted in a new field of science called osteoimmunology and provides a context for better understanding the pathogenesis of periodontitis. There are several aspects of the immuno-inflammatory host response that ultimately results in loss of alveolar bone. Periodontal inflammation not only stimulates osteoclastogenesis, but also interferes with the uncoupling of bone formation and bone resorption. Furthermore, arguments suggest a critical role of the spatial and temporal aspects of inflammation in the periodontium. This review is about the new progress of bone loss’s mechanism in periodontitis.
