Combining orthodontics and surgery to treat skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion can improve the occlusion, masticatory function, and esthetics by markedly changing the position of the mandible. However, mandibular setback surgery causes changes in the position of the hyoid bone and the tongue, and the consequent narrowing of the pharyngeal airway space. It’s a topic that worth to study, and the long-term changes and imaging evaluation are introduced as well.
