A number of infectious diseases are closely related to biofilms in humans. The resistance of biofilms to antibiotics is over 100- to 1 000-fold higher than that of planktonic cells, causing great difficulty in treating bacterial infectious diseases. Studies on genes and proteins in bacteria living in planktonic converse biofilms have steadily increased with the aim of discovering more effective measures to destroy the biofilm or restrain biofilm development. This study reviews the gene and protein expressions of common pathogenic bacteria in developing and stationary phase biofilms as well as quorum sensing signal conduction in biofilms.
