Dental fissure in children has unique anatomical and physiological features, which provide a micro-ecological environment for the growth of bacteria colonization and plaque accumulation, and then will result in demineralization of teeth surfaces and occurrence of caries, and pit and fissure caries accounts for the vast majority of them. The pit and fissure sealant technique has become one of the most effective prevention methods. At present, the clinical dentists usually use enameloplasty sealant technique（EST）, or conventional sealant technique（CST） to prevent caries happening. The application of EST can be preferred to CST for improving adhesion, adaptation, penetration and the remaining rate of the sealant within the fissure system, and also has less microleakage. Thus enameloplasty has been implicated in the successful application of pit and fissure sealants. The following words will discuss about the research progress in efficiency and application of the pit and fissure sealant, in order to apply reference to the operation in children.
