Bone tissue regeneration engineering involves supplying four basic elements required for bone formation to the defect site, namely, adequate blood supply, bone-forming cells, scaffolds or matrices and signaling molecules, such as growth factors. Platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) has an important function in organogenesis, development, and trauma healing process, which depend on the binding of the protein tyrosine kinase receptors PDGF receptor-α and β. PDGF is a major mitogen for osteoblasts, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and glial cells. Defects of Pdgf-related genes can lead to skeletal abnormalities, such as fusion of cervical vertebrae and ribs, as well as spina bifida. Following a fracture, platelets aggregate around the fracture site, which releases PDGF into the developing hematoma. in vitro studies have shown that PDGF promotes proliferation and osteogenicdifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblast migration, and fracture healing. Clinical studies show that PDGF can assist in extract socket and ridge augmentation regeneration, peri-implant soft tissue augmentation, and management of peri-implantitis. This paper reviews the effects of rhPDGF-BB on its structure and functions, experiment research in vivo and in vitro, and clinical trials.
