Incidences of periodontal disease, such as gingivitis, and its aggravation have been increasing in pregnant women. Dental plaque is the major etiological factor of periodontal diseases in this group. The change of periodontal health status is mainly elicited by several factors that are attributed to pregnancy. Several factors, including changes in sex hormone, vitamin D deficiency, herpes virus infection, and poor social background, can lead to the occurrence and development of periodontal disease in this period. These predisposing factors were reviewed in this article.
