Lipoteichoic acid, the virulence factor of Streptococcus mutans（S.mutans）, plays an important role in dental caries caused by S.mutans and induces dental pulp immune response during the advances in dental caries. Research progress reviewed in this paper is the biological effects of lipoteichoic acid from S.mutans, including structure and functions, periodontal disease progress, complement activation, production of cytokine, and apotosis of pulp cells.
