Recent studies have suggested that periodontitis is a risk factor for some adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth, pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and low birth weight. The pathophysiological correlation between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy mainly depends on inflammatory reaction and immune response. Not all periodontitis cases lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, and this finding has aroused discussionsin genetics. Genetic polymorphisms of cytokines and receptors related to inflammatory reaction and immune response can be used to evaluate the susceptibility and severity of these diseases. This review extensively discusses the mechanisms of genetic polymorphism between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes to identify susceptibility genes and provide new information for prevention and clinical treatment.
