Osteoinductive bone graft substitutes with excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility are needed in bone defect treatment. Demineralized dentin matrix(DDM) is a kind of ideal bone substitute material. DDM comes from the non-functional teeth of humans. After demineralization, flushing, freeze-drying, and grinding, dentin is changed to DDM. Dentine and alveolar bone have very close chemistry, which means DDM presents strong osteogenic potential. Bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) is a type of growth factor that can induce new bone formation. DDM is formed via a complex of growth factors, such as BMP. DDM induction to form new bone yields no host immune rejection. DDM is an effective bone graft material with good biodegradability and biocompatibility. Two methods are available to prepare DDM: the traditional method and the supersonic acid-etching technique. Deminalization is traditionally effective and results in dentin with a complete structure. The particle size is a factor affecting osteogenesis effects. The majority of scholars believe that particle sizes of 75–500 μm ensure effective osteogenesis. The supersonic acid-etching technique can effectively create a surface structure that is beneficial for adsorption of bone cells and growth factors.
