Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw(BRONJ) is a severe complication that occurs frequently in patients subjected to long-term bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis, multiple myeloma, and other skeletal-related events induced by metastatic malignant diseases, such as breast, prostate, and lung cancers. The development of BRONJ is associated with some risk factors, such as bisphosphonate potency and administration model, dental extraction, and poorfitting dentures. The definition, staging, and treatment guidelines of patients with BRONJ were established by the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in 2007 and then updated in 2009 and 2014. Although BRONJ has been extensively investigated, the pathogenesis of this disease has yet to be fully elucidated, and corresponding treatments have remained controversial. This article briefly introduces new insights into the pathogenesis and treatments of BRONJ.
