Alanine racemase(ALR) is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme that catalyzes reversible racemization between enantiomers of alanine. The enzyme is widely used/existed in lower organisms and is closely related to diseases caused by bacteria. In recent years, ALR has become an ideal design target of antibacterial drugs.Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) is the main pathogenic bacteria in dental caries, and the main cariogenic virulence ofS.mutansincludes acid production, ability of adhesion and synthesis of polysaccharide. This review will systematically summarize the classifications, structure characteristics, physiological function, and application of ALR. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between ALR and cariogenic virulence ofS.mutansis useful and can provide an important theoretical basis for additional research on the potential antibacterial drug target to caries.
