三维激光扫描测量技术分析年轻成人快速上颌扩弓后腭部表面形态的变化

摘要：目的 探讨年轻成人快速上颌扩弓后腭部表面形态的变化。方法 选择15 例年轻成人快速上颌扩弓患者为试验组，22 例替牙期快速上颌扩弓患者为对照组。扩弓前（T1期）、扩弓后（T2期）分别制取患者高精度牙颌超硬石膏模型，并采用三维激光扫描技术获取腭部表面形态的数字化模型，截取6┼6腭部表面形态轮廓线，采用Handelman 分析法进行测量分析。采用SPSS 11.0 统计软件对测量数据行统计分析。结果 1）快速上颌扩弓后腭龈缘水平宽度和腭中部宽度的增加以及腭顶宽度差两组相比较，前两项指标的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），而腭顶宽度差的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2）快速上颌扩弓后上颌第一恒磨牙平面交角的减小和腭穹隆角的增加两组相比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 年轻成人快速上颌扩弓能够有效地扩展上颌牙弓的宽度，扩弓主要依靠上颌磨牙和牙槽骨的颊向倾斜移位。

关键词:年轻成人快速上颌扩弓,三维激光扫描技术,牙弓宽度,腭部表面形态

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the palatal contour changes in young adults with posterior crossbite after rapid maxillary expansion. Methods The observation group included 15 young adult rapid maxillary expansion （YA-RME） subjects, while the control group included 22 YA-RME subjects in mixed dentine.. Measurements of palatal contour were all taken at the pre-treatment time（T1） and post-treatment（T2）, which were derived by the use of 3-dimension laser scanning technology（3-DLST）. SPSS 11.0 software was used to determine if there were significant differences between 2 time periods and between 2 groups. Results 1）There was no significant difference between YA-RME group and control group in the increase of palatal width at gingival height and at midpalate（P＞0.05）, but significant difference in palatal width difference（P＜0.05）. 2）There were significant differences both in molar angle decrease and palatal vault angle increase（P＜0.05）. Conclusion YA-RME is a clinically effective method to expend maxillary dental arch and correct posterior crossbite.