In the therapeutic process of combined diabetic oral and maxillofacial surgery, tolerance ability of patients for narcotic side effects and surgical injury become weak. Postoperative wound is also hard to healing. If there is improper surgery or omissions in nursing, patients will have a series of complication and sequelae, leading to low success rate of surgery and even disability or death. Due to these reasons, based on analyzing pathology of the diabetic, this paper summarizes and assesses the risk of surgery in oral and maxillofacial, and discusses measures for prevention in the perioperative period.