Objective The aim of this study is to survey the potential relationship between oral lichen planus （OLP） and human herpesvirus（HHV）-5 to 8. Methods Seriously selected 36 OLP patients and 43 healthy controls, and meanwhile we collected their 6 kinds of samples including white blood cell（WBC）, serum, saliva, exfoliated cell（un-lesion and lesion sections）, and biopsy samples. The real-time polymerase chain reaction technology was employed to explore the DNA copies of HHV-5 to 8. Results The HHV-5 positive rates in OLP samples are, WBC 50.00%（8/16）, saliva 25.00%（4/16）, biopsies 80.00%（4/5）, exfoliated cells from un -lesion sections 18.75%（3/16）and lesion sections 50.00%（8/16） respectively. The counterpart in healthy controls are, saliva 20.00%（2/10） and WBC 30.00%（3/10）, respectively. The HHV-6 positive rates in OLP samples are WBC 18.75%（3/16）, biopsies 40.00%（2/5） and exfoliated cells from un-lesion sections 12.50%（2/16） respectively. The counterpart in healthy controls is only in saliva 10.00%（1/10）. The only HHV-7 positive rate is in OLP saliva 30.00%（6/20）. The counterpart in healthy controls is also in saliva 15.00%（3/20）. However, the copy of HHV-8 could not be explored in all samples. Conclusion The Chi-square test（掊2=6.829 0, P
