Bone tissue engineering is the technology culturing and multiplying bone marrow stromal cells, then inoculating cells into the scaffolds and implanting the cells -scaffolds compounds into the human body. Today, more and more artificial biomaterials have been utilized in the research of bone tissue engineering, and their effects that account for cells proliferation and osteogenesis need to be evaluated. This paper summarizes some detection methods frequently used before and recently, analyzes their respective advantages, disadvantages, and application prospects and makes a review about the evaluation methods of the bone tissue engi neering.