Zirconia surface treatments are widely studiedto improve the bond strength between zirconia and resin cement. These treatments include surface roughening and surface modification. Sand blasting, selective infiltrationetching, and Nobel Bond technology are employed in surface roughening. This treatment increases surface roughness and porosities, thereby facilitating micromechanical interlocking. Internal coating technique and silicon coating technologies, such as tribochemical treatment, PyroSil Pen technology, sol–gel method, and vapor-phase deposition, are used in surface modification. The treatment increases silicon content, which improves chemical bonding. This review presents the recent findings on zirconia surface treatment methods and suggests a systematic framework for improved clinical applications.
