Microtransplantation is a new treatment mode of hematologic malignancies, combining chemotherapy, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and immunocytotherapy. On the basis of preserving the recipients′ own immune function as much as possible, microtransplantation is adopted to activate the patients′ immune system, induce the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect, and avoid the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Different from traditional allo-HSCT, microtransplantation is not limited by age. It is mainly used in elderly patients with acute leukemia, which can promote hematopoietic recovery, reduce the incidence of infection and improve the overall survival (OS) rate. In order to treat hematologic malignancies with microtransplantation more effectively, this article intends to introduce the research status of microtransplantation in recent years, including its mechanism of action, application in different hematologic malignancies, advantages and disadvantages.
