Patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) are prone to venous thromboembolism (VTE), which often occurs when hemolysis occurs or AIHA relapses. After lysis of red blood cells, a large amount of heme are released into blood circulation to remove nitric oxide (NO), which reduces the bioavailability of NO, thereby affecting vascular tone, enhancing platelet aggregation, promoting platelet adhesion to endothelial cells, and promoting coagulation factors FⅩⅢ activity, which increases the stability of blood clots and reduces the dissolution of blood clots, and increases the risk of VTE. Heme also induces the body to produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promotes inflammation and VTE formation. In order to reduce the incidence of AIHA complicated with VTE and its potential harm to patients, this article intends to summarize the pathogenesis, incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors, as well as treatment and prevention measures of VTE in AIHA patients.
