Objective To determine T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet), GATA-binding protein-3 (GATA-3), and retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor gammat (RORgammat) in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into a control and a COPD group. The COPD model was established through smoking and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) tracheal instillation. Pulmonary function of the rats was measured 28 d after the establishment of the COPD model by a spirometer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect serum γ interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17. The expressions of T-bet, GATA-3, and RORgammat protein in lung tissues were determined by Western blot. Results Compared with the controls, the COPD rats had decreased pulmonary function and expression of serum IL-4, and increased INF-γ, IL-17, Th1/Th2, T-bet, T-bet /GATA-3, and RORgammat protein (PPP
