To study the chemical constituents in Curculigo orchioides Gaertn rhizomes, silica gel column chromatographies, C18 medium pressure column chromatographies and high pressure preparative liquid chromatography system were used to isolate and purify the n butanol portion of MeOH extract from the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides. The structures were identified based on spectroscopic data. Ten compounds were isolated and identified as 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid (1), caffeic acid (2), protocatechuic acid (3), orchioside B (4), curculigoside C (5), orchioside E (6), syringic acid (7), hemsleyanumoide (8), glucosyringic acid (9), chlorogenic acid (10). Among them, compound 6 is a new phenolic glucoside named orchioside E, compound 2 and 8 are isolated from the Curculigo orchioides for the first time.
