Salvia miltiorrhiza bge. f. alba is a kind of rare Chinese herbal medicine, which contains multiple kinds of trace elements and has high medicinal value. In this paper, MTT method was used to detect the inhibitory effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza bge. f. alba extract on the apoptosis of INS-1 cells, glycemic and insulin was tested, and HE staining and immunohistochemical staining was carried out. The experimental results show that Salvia miltiorrhiza bge. f. alba can promote the production of Bcl-2 proteins, weaken the ability of Bax proteins to promote apoptosis, thereby increase the release of insulin, ultimately achieve glycemic control purposes. The research of this paper has certain significance for the development of adjuvant drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.