Objective To evaluate the effect of an oral health education programme for Chinese middle school student in the rural area to improve oral health knowledge. Methods The students of two middle schools in the rural area of Deyang city, Sichuan province, were randomly choosed and divided into experiment group and control group, each group 200 students. The students of experiment group were taken oral health education based on school and brushed the teeth with fluoride toothpaste under the supervision of parents. No intervention study was given to the students of control group. Before the experiment and after 1 year, the caries and oral hygiene status were examined, and the oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior were investigated by questionnaire. Results There were no significant changes of DMFT and DMFS of experiment group after 1 year（P>0.05）, while the DMFT and DMFS of control group increased obviously（P
