Objective To evaluate the anesthetic effects and safety of Gow-Gates technique of inferior alveolar nerve block in impacted mandibular third molar extraction.Methods A split-mouth study was designed. The bilateral impacted mandibular third molar of 32 participants were divided into Gow-Gates technique of inferior alveolar nerve block（Gow-Gates group） and conventional technique of inferior alveolar nerve block（conventional group） randomly with third molar extracted. The anesthetic effects and adverse events were recorded.Results All the participants completed the research. The anesthetic success rate was 96.9% in Gow-Gates group and 90.6% in conventional group with no statistical difference（P=0.317）; but when comparing the anesthesia grade, Gow-Gates group had a 96.9% of grade A and B, and conventional group had a rate of 78.1%（P=0.034）. And the Gow-Gates group had a much lower withdrawn bleeding than conventional group（P=0.025）. Two groups had no hematoma.Conclusion Gow-Gates technique had a reliable anesthesia effects and safety in impacted mandibular third molar extraction and could be chosen as a candidate for the conventional inferior alveolar nerve block.
