老年人口腔健康状况与认知功能的相关性研究
A study on the correlation between oral health status and cognitive impairment in elderly population
作者：许力升, 刘帆, 韦靖怡, 郑欣, 李晓英, 张玲
Author：Xu Lisheng, Liu Fan, Wei Jingyi, Zheng Xin, Li Xiaoying, Zhang Ling
收稿日期：2024-03-28 年卷（期）页码：2025,43(2):220-220-226
期刊名称：华西口腔医学杂志
Journal Name：West China Journal of Stomatology
关键字：认知功能障碍,老年人,龋病,牙周病,牙齿脱落,多元线性回归,
Key words：cognitive impairment,the elderly,dental caries,periodontal diseases,tooth loss,multiple linear regression,
基金项目：四川省护理学会重点研发课题(H21004);四川大学华西口腔医院探索与研究项目(RD-01-202302)
中文摘要
目的 本研究拟通过横断面研究探索老年人群口腔健康状况与其认知功能的关系。 方法 选取2022年8月—2024年3月就诊于四川大学华西口腔医院的老年人（年龄≥60岁）作为调查对象。根据蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评分将其分为认知功能障碍（CI）组和健康对照（HC）组。收集所有老年人的一般资料以及口腔健康状况指标。采用独立样本t检验和χ2检验进行组间比较，采用多元线性回归模型对MoCA得分进行多因素分析。 结果 研究共纳入402名老年人，CI组余留牙数量显著低于HC组，龋均指数、简化软垢指数、牙龈指数、牙周袋深度（PD）和临床附着丧失均显著高于HC组，义齿佩戴情况两组无差异。多元线性回归结果显示，矫正混杂因素后，余留牙数量和PD与MoCA得分具有相关性。 结论 CI老年人相较于认知正常老年人口腔健康问题突出，余留牙数量和PD与老年人认知功能之间可能存在双向关系。
英文摘要
ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aims to explore the association between oral health status and cognitive function in Chinese elderly individuals.MethodsThe survey participants were composed of elderly people aged≥60 who were admitted to West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University from August 2022 to March 2024. They were divided into a cognitive impairment (CI) group and a healthy control (HC) group according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score. General information and oral health indicators of all elderly people were collected. Independent samplet-test and chi-square test were used for inter-group comparison, and multiple linear regression model was applied for multivariate analysis of MoCA scores.ResultsA total of 402 elderly people were included in the study, and the number of remaining teeth in the CI group was significantly lower than that in the HC group. The decayed, missing, filled teeth index, debris index-simplified, gingival index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss in the CI group were all significantly higher than those in the HC group. There was no difference in denture wearing between the two groups. The results of multiple linear regression showed that there was a correlation between the number of remaining teeth and PD and MoCA scores after correcting for confounding factors.ConclusionElderly individuals with CI have more prominent oral health issues compared to those with normal cognitive function. There may be a bidirectional relationship between the number of remaining teeth, PD, and cognitive function in elderly people.
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