【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the protective effects and potential mechanism of curcumin on bronchopulmonary dysplasis (BPD) induced by 600 mL/L oxygen in newborn rats. Methods 108 Sprague-Dawley (SD) specific pathogen-free newborn rats within 6 h after birth were randomly divided into room air group (RA group), 600 mL/L oxygen group (O2 group) and 600 mL/L oxygen+Curcumin group (O 2+Cu group). Eight rats were randomly taken from each group and killed at 4, 7 and 14 d, respectively, after the treatment, and their lung tissues were incised for HE staining. The expressions of IL-6、IL-10 in serum and lung tissue were detected by ELISA; and the protein expression of IGF-Ⅰ was measured by immunohistochemical method. Results Comparing with the RA group, we found that newborn rats exposed to 600 mL/L oxygen develop a heterogeneous parenchymal lung injury with areas of arrested alveolarization and growth mixed with areas of interstitial thinning, meanwhile, both the expression of IL-6 and IL-10 in serum and lung tissue increased significantly （P2+Cu group, IL-6 expression was decreased in different degrees while IL-10 increased significantly (P2 group were significantly lower in 4 d and 7 d but were significantly higher in 14 d (P 2 group, the expression levels of IGF-Ⅰ in O 2 group significantly increased in 4 d and 7 d but significantly reduced in 14 d (P
