Developing nationwide ecological restoration researches for soil and water conservation are proposed in China. In this paper, optimal conditions of ecological restoration were analyzed abide by the principle of heterogeneity, zonation, grade, conjugacy, primary factor and county land integrity. The special mapping database was developed, based on the raw materials of 2861 counties. With the application of GIS, choosing the key actors, such as climate, vegetation, soil, physiognomy, the types of soil erosion, and population density, the national area, except Tai Wan and maritime space, was divided into 4 first level ecological restoration domains and 14 second level ecological restoration regions by the way of adopting superposed analytical method and superincumbent partition method. Humid and Sem humid ecological restoration domains have better natural conditions for afforestation. Arid and Semi arid ecological restoration domains are only fit for afforestation in brush fire area.
