声波透射法测试路用气泡混合轻质填料的试验研究
Experimental Study on Detecting Foamed Mixture Lightweight Filler by Acoustic Transmission Method
作者：刘鑫(岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室（河海大学），江苏 南京 210098;河海大学 隧道与地下工程研究所，江苏 南京 210098)；孙东宁(岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室（河海大学），江苏 南京 210098;河海大学 岩土工程科学研究所，江苏 南京 210098)；盛柯(岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室（河海大学），江苏 南京 210098;河海大学 岩土工程科学研究所，江苏 南京 210098)；洪宝宁(岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室（河海大学），江苏 南京 210098;河海大学 岩土工程科学研究所，江苏 南京 210098)；濮仕坤(岩土力学与堤坝工程教育部重点实验室（河海大学），江苏 南京 210098;中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 国防工程学院，江苏 南京 210007)
Author：LIU Xin(Key Lab. of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Eng., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China;Tunnel and Underground Eng. Inst., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China)；SUN Dongning(Key Lab. of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Eng., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China;Geotechnical Research Inst., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China)；SHENG Ke(Key Lab. of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Eng., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China;Geotechnical Research Inst., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China)；HONG Baoning(Key Lab. of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Eng., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China;Geotechnical Research Inst., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China)；PU Shikun(Key Lab. of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Eng., Hohai Univ., Nanjing 210098, China;College of National Defense Eng., The Army Eng. Univ. of PLA, Nanjing 210007, china)
收稿日期：2018-12-27 年卷（期）页码：2020,52(2):62-69
期刊名称：工程科学与技术
Journal Name：Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字：气泡混合轻质填料;声波透射法;超声检测;抗压强度;裂缝;强度预测模型
Key words：foamed mixture lightweight filler;acoustic transmission method;ultrasonic testing;compressive strength;crack;strength prediction model
基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（51609071）；中央高校基本科研业务费项目（2018B13714）；国家留学基金项目（201806715014）
中文摘要
基于声波透射测试原理，针对气泡混合轻质填料路基的验收评估，探索建立适用气泡混合轻质填料的无损测试方法，采用ZBL-U510型非金属超声检测仪对不同龄期、不同配合比、不同裂缝分布的气泡混合轻质填料进行超声检测试验。试验结果表明：超声检测仪输入脉冲宽度0.04 ms，采样长度512点，采样周期0.4 μs，发射电压500 V时，检测速度及检测结果的稳定性较好；波速与龄期呈正相关，波幅随龄期增长先减小后增大，主频与龄期无明显相关性；波速与填料强度呈正相关，波幅和主频与填料强度无明显相关性；气泡混合轻质填料试块内部存在单条裂缝时，沿裂缝法向检测，波形图呈畸变现象，频谱图呈多峰现象，主频值衰减，沿裂缝切向检测，仅波形图呈畸变现象；存在多条裂缝时，裂缝数越多、裂缝形式越复杂，波形图越紊乱，主频值越低；建立了基于波速的强度预测模型、基于波速、龄期的强度预测模型和基于波速、配合比的强度预测模型，3种模型的强度预测值和实测值的误差均满足正态分布，并通过现场测试试验对模型进行了验证。基于声波透射原理建立的无损测试方法，可通过声参量判断气泡混合轻质填料强度以及填料内部是否存在裂缝等缺陷，该测试方法适用于室内测试试验，为气泡混合轻质填料路基现场测试中的应用提供了试验研究基础。
英文摘要
Based on acoustic transmission method, a non-destructive test method for the acceptance of foamed mixture lightweight filler subgrade was explored. Ultrasonic testing experiments were carried out on foamed mixture lightweight filler of different ages, different max ratios, and different crack forms by using the ZBL-U510 ultrasonic detector. Research indicated the detection efficiency is superior when the ultrasonic detector is set as a pulse width of 0.04 ms, sampling length of 512 dot, sampling period of 0.4 μs and detection voltage of 500 V. The wave velocity is positively correlated with filler's strength and age. The amplitude decreases first and then increases with age and has no significant correlation with filler's strength. The main frequency is not related to filler's strength and age. When there is a crack in the test block, detecting vertical crack direction, the waveform is distorted, the spectrum diagram is multi-peak and the main frequency value is attenuated. Detecting parallel crack direction, only the waveform is distorted. When there are cracks in the test block, the more cracks and the more complicated of cracks form, the more disordered the waveform and the lower of the main frequency value. Three compressive strength prediction models were established and the errors between the predicted value and the measured value satisfy the normal distribution. The models were verified through a field test. The non-destructive testing method based on acoustic transmission method can judge the filler's strength and whether there are cracks in filler by the acoustic parameters. The test method is suitable for the indoor test, and it provides the experimental basis for the application of foamed mixture lightweight filler in the field test of subgrade.
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