膨胀性土壤饱和水分运动参数计算模型
Swelling Soil Saturated Water Movement Parameters Calculating Models
作者：甘永德(青海大学 省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016)；刘欢(中国水利水电科学研究院 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室, 北京 100038)；贾仰文(中国水利水电科学研究院 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室, 北京 100038)；牛存稳(中国水利水电科学研究院 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室, 北京 100038)；仇亚琴(中国水利水电科学研究院 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室, 北京 100038)；魏娜(西安理工大学 水利水电学院, 陕西 西安 710048)
Author：GAN Yongde(State Key Lab. of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai Univ.,Xining 810016,China)；LIU Huan(National Key Lab. of Basin Water Cycle Simulation and Control,China Inst. of Water Resources & Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)；JIA Yangwen(National Key Lab. of Basin Water Cycle Simulation and Control,China Inst. of Water Resources & Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)；NIU Cunwen(National Key Lab. of Basin Water Cycle Simulation and Control,China Inst. of Water Resources & Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)；QIU Yaqin(National Key Lab. of Basin Water Cycle Simulation and Control,China Inst. of Water Resources & Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)；WEI Na(Inst.of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,Xi'an Univ.of Technol.,Xi'an 710048,China)
收稿日期：2017-08-24 年卷（期）页码：2018,50(2):77-83
期刊名称：工程科学与技术
Journal Name：Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字：膨胀性土壤;土壤水分运动;饱和含水量;饱和导水率;饱和比容积
Key words：swelling soils;soil water movement;soil saturated water content;soil saturated hydraulic conductivity;soil saturated ratio of volume
基金项目：“流域水循环模拟与调控”国家重点实验室自主研究课题资助项目（2016ZY03）；国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目（2015CB452701）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51379215；51779272）
中文摘要
膨胀性土壤吸水膨胀变形，具有复杂的水文特性及力学性质，其分布范围广泛，对国民经济有着重大影响，开展膨胀性土壤水分运动研究具有重要的实际意义和理论意义。目前的土壤水分运动研究多针对非膨胀性土壤，相关研究成果不适用于描述膨胀性土壤水分运动过程。土壤膨胀变形主要是土壤膨胀力和自重应力综合作用的结果，土壤受力变形特征随土壤深度的变化而变化。为量化土壤膨胀变形对土壤水分运动参数的影响，采用土壤膨胀特征曲线和土壤应力-应变关系曲线建立包括饱和含水量、饱和导水系数、饱和比容积等在内的膨胀性土壤饱和水分运动参数计算模型。以黄绵土和娄土为典型膨胀性土壤，基于室内试验开展不同厚度土壤饱和水分运动参数的测定，验证所提出的参数计算模型的适用性和可靠性。结果表明：土壤饱和水分运动参数的计算值与实测值间的相对误差均小于10%，Nash效率系数均大于0.85，均方根误差均小于0.07，说明该模型可以较好地模拟计算膨胀性土壤饱和水分运动参数。研究成果既丰富了土壤水分运动理论研究，也为膨胀性土壤水分的利用和管理提供参考。未来研究将深入探讨不同初始含水量和初始容重下，土壤自重应力和膨胀力对饱和水分运动的影响，以期进一步提高模型性能。
英文摘要
The soil swelling deformation will happen when swelling soils absorb water.Swelling soils are widely distributed in the world,which have complex hydrological characteristics and mechanical properties,and have significant influence on the national economy.As the current research on soil water movement is mostly aimed at non-swelling soil,the related research results are not suitable for describing the process of swelling soil water movement.Consequently,it is of great practical and theoretical significance to carry out the study of swelling soil moisture movement.The soil swelling deformation is mainly the result of the combined effect of the soil swelling pressure and self-weigh stress,and the stress and deformation characteristics of swelling soils vary with the soil depth.To quantify the effect of the soil swelling deformation on water movement parameters,the calculating models of parameters including saturated water content,saturated water conductivity and saturated ratio of volume were established by using soil swelling characteristic curve and soil stress-strain relationship curve.Then,Loessial soil and Lou soil were selected as typical swelling soils,and their saturated water movement parameters in different soil thickness were measured based on the indoor experiment,and the applicability and reliability of the parameters were verified.The results show that the relative error are less than 10%,RSME are less than 0.07,and Nash efficiency coefficient are larger than 0.85 between the observed and predicted values of the three parameters,which indicates that the calculating models can be applied to simulate swelling soil saturated water movement parameters.The results enrich the theoretical research of soil water movement,and provide reference for swelling soil water utilization and management.In future,to improve the performance of the model,the effect of the soil swelling pressure and self-weigh stress on saturated water movement parameters under different initial water content and different initial bulk density needs to be explored.
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