不同频谱特性地震动下某风电塔响应振动台试验研究
Shaking Table Test Study on Seismic Responses of a Wind Turbine Under Ground Motions with Different Spectral Characteristics
作者：戴靠山(同济大学 土木工程防灾国家重点实验室, 上海 200092;四川大学 土木工程系, 四川 成都 610065)；毛振西(同济大学 土木工程防灾国家重点实验室, 上海 200092)；赵志(同济大学 土木工程防灾国家重点实验室, 上海 200092)；王英(同济大学 土木工程防灾国家重点实验室, 上海 200092)；孟家瑶(同济大学 土木工程防灾国家重点实验室, 上海 200092)；赵晨希(同济大学 土木工程防灾国家重点实验室, 上海 200092)
Author：DAI Kaoshan(State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China;Dept. of Civil Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)；MAO Zhenxi(State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China)；ZHAO Zhi(State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China)；WANG Ying(State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China)；MENG Jiayao(State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China)；ZHAO Chenxi(State Key Lab. of Disaster Reduction in Civil Eng., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China)
收稿日期：2018-03-01 年卷（期）页码：2018,50(3):125-133
期刊名称：工程科学与技术
Journal Name：Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字：风电塔;地震;振动台试验;地震动特性;响应规律
Key words：wind turbine;earthquake;shaking table test;ground motion characteristics;response characteristics
基金项目：科技部“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点专项资助项目（2016YFE0105600）；上海市国际合作资助项目（16510711300）；高等学校学科创新引智计划（111）资助项目（B18062）；四川省国际合作项目资金资助项目（18GJHZ0111）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1710111）； 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金
中文摘要
为研究风电塔在不同频谱特性地震动下的响应规律，针对某风电塔设计缩尺模型开展大型振动台试验。对模型塔筒进行精细设计，实现结构自振特性与原型结构相似，同时对试验模型配置叶片和无级变速电机实现运转工况模拟。根据抗震设计规范给出的设计反应谱和特征周期，选择长周期地震动和短周期地震动各2条，以及经典地震动3条，并采用三角级数叠加法生成2条人工地震波，沿塔身3个不同方向进行输入，对塔顶和塔身的加速度和速度响应以及塔底应变响应进行测试，比较风电塔模型在不同地震动和不同输入条件下的响应差异。试验结果表明，风电塔结构主次方向地震响应具有耦合现象，同时表现出高阶振型效应。风电塔在不同频率成分地震动下的响应具有较大差别，长周期地震动对风电塔模型加速度和位移响应具有放大效应。此外，风电塔在不同地震动输入方向下的响应不同，地震动主方向沿叶片平面垂直方向输入和45°方向输入下的响应较大。
英文摘要
Shaking table tests of a 1.5 MW wind turbine model were performed to investigate seismic responses of the wind turbine under ground motions with different spectral characteristics.The wind turbine tower model was carefully designed to satisfy the frequency and mode similarity relations.Blades and infinitely variable motor were installed at the top of wind turbine model to simulate the wind turbine operating conditions.Two suites of ground motions,including long period ground motions and general ground motions with different site soil characteristic periods,along with three classical ground motions,were selected to match the design response spectrum in Chinese standard.Besides,two artificial waves were generated using the trigonometric series superposition method.All ground motions were inputted in three different directions.Acceleration and displacement responses both at the tower top and along the tower,and strain responses at the tower bottom were measured and compared.The test results showed that the wind turbine responses of principle direction and secondary direction have distinct coupling effects and high mode effects.Wind turbine seismic behaviors were quite different under ground motions with different frequency contents.Long period ground motions can lead to amplification of wind turbine acceleration and displacement responses.Besides,different directions of ground motion inputs induced different structural responses.The ground motions with the direction perpendicular to the wind turbine blade plane or with an angle of 45° can lead to amplification of wind turbine responses.
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