山区流域强降雨情况产流模式研究—以涪江平通河流域为例
Study on Runoff Generation Mode Under Heavy Rainfall in Mountain Basin——A Case on Pingtong River Basin of Fujiang River
作者：彭清娥(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065)；刘兴年(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065)；黄尔(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065)；杨克君(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065)
Author：PENG Qing'e(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)；LIU Xingnian(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)；HUANG Er(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)；YANG Kejun(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)
收稿日期：2018-09-17 年卷（期）页码：2019,51(3):123-129
期刊名称：工程科学与技术
Journal Name：Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字：山区流域;强降雨;产流模式;KW-GIUH模型
Key words：mountainous watershed;heavy rainfall;runoff pattern;KW-GIUH model
基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC150250303）；国家自然科学基金项目（51539007）
中文摘要
山区流域极端强降雨导致的山洪灾害频发，造成生命损失和经济活动的巨大破坏。科学的认识这类极端天气下灾害的发生、发展过程，对实现灾害监测和风险管理十分重要。山洪过程的模拟是认识这一灾害的重要科学手段，而模型计算精度是山洪模拟的关键。将超渗、蓄满产流模型与运动波地貌瞬时单位线水文模型（简称KW-GIUH模型）进行融合，优选出适合山区流域强降雨情况下的产流模式，从而提高山洪过程的模拟精度。以典型山区流域涪江一级支流平通河为研究对象，选取了两场次历史强降雨过程进行模拟。研究结果表明：无论超渗或蓄满产流模型与KW-GIUH模型进行融合后，其模拟精度比KW-GIUH模型所模拟的径流过程更接近实际情况；而先超渗后蓄满的混合产流模式较单一的超渗或蓄满产流模式模拟效果更优。适合山区流域强降雨情况下的产流模式为先超渗后蓄满的混合产流模式，其中产流模式的转变出现在第一次连续降雨基本结束之时，即在第一次洪峰之前基本以超渗产流为主，随后的产流方式以蓄满产流为主。
英文摘要
Mountain torrents caused by extremely strong rainfall in mountain basins are frequently occurred, resulting in loss of life and great destruction of economic activities. It is very important to realize the goal of disaster monitoring and risk management to understand scientifically the occurrence and development process of disasters in such extreme weather. The simulation of mountain torrent process is an important scientific means to recognize the disaster, and the accuracy of model calculation is the key to the simulation of mountain torrents. In this paper, the model of infiltration-excess and saturation-excess were combined with the instantaneous unit line hydrological model of motion wave geomorphology (KW-GIUH model), the runoff model which was suitable for heavy rainfall in mountain basin was selected, and the simulation accuracy of mountain flood process was improved. Based on the study of the Pingtong River, the first tributary of Fujiang River in a typical mountain basin, two historical heavy rainfall processes were simulated. The results showed that the simulation accuracy of KW-GIUH model was more accurate than that of kw-giuh model. The mixed runoff production model with first infiltration-excess and then saturation-excess was more effective than the single one, and the model suitable for heavy rainfall in mountainous area was the mixed runoff production model which was first infiltration-excess and then saturation-excess.
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