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论文摘要

岷江都江堰河段交汇区水流运动特性数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Flow Dynamic Characteristics at Confluence Region of Minjiang River in the Dujiangyan Reach

作者:许泽星(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065);郑媛予(华东师范大学 河口海岸学国家重点实验室, 上海 200241);关见朝(中国水利水电科学研究院 泥沙研究所, 北京 100048);方春明(中国水利水电科学研究院 泥沙研究所, 北京 100048);王协康(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065)

Author:XU Zexing(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China);ZHENG Yuanyu(State Key Lab. of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal Univ., Shanghai 200241);GUAN Jianchao(China Inst. of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China);FANG Chunming(China Inst. of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China);WANG Xiekang(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)

收稿日期:2018-08-31          年卷(期)页码:2019,51(3):59-66

期刊名称:工程科学与技术

Journal Name:Advanced Engineering Sciences

关键字:河流交汇区;都江堰河段;数值模拟;汇流比

Key words:river confluence zone;Dujiangyan reach;numerical simulation;ratio of discharge

基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0402304);国家自然科学基金项目(41771543);国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFR70980)

中文摘要

明渠河流交汇常形成复杂的水流结构,从而影响该区域的水沙运动及河床变形。采用实测资料验证的平面2维数学模型,对白沙河支流与岷江干流交汇区的水流运动进行了模拟分析。结果表明:干支来流变化将形成不同的壅水低速区、干支流掺混区、挤压高速区和水流分离区。随着汇流比(支流白沙河流量与岷江干流流量比值)的增大,入汇口干流上游受到支流顶托作用增强,产生的壅水低速区水位偏高;掺混区内,干支来流相互顶冲作用增强,流速降低,挤压高速区内支流对干流的挤压也增强,最高流速出现的位置越靠右岸,高速带越窄。直角入汇的白沙河支流受到干流的挤压作用,入汇后流向发生显著改变,而白沙河的弧形左岸使支流沿岸线流动的同时不断调整流向,降低了支流脱壁流动的可能性,可有效抑制分离区的形成。在支流白沙河流量不变,岷江干流流量改变的情况下,干支流量差越大,干流对支流的顶托作用越强,即干流向支流上游顶冲的距离越长,产生的壅水范围越大。通过揭示白沙河入汇岷江时干支流相互顶托、挤压和掺混的水流运动特征,可为都江堰河段的防洪及河道整治等提供理论依据。

英文摘要

The confluence of flow in open channel often forms complex flow structure, thereby affecting the water and sediment movement and river bed deformation at the confluence zone. The flow movement at the confluence zone of the Baisha River and the Minjiang River was analyzed based on the two-dimensional mathematical model which was verified by the measured data. The results show that:the variation of incoming water of mainstream and tributary will cause different backwater zone, mixing zone, extrusion zone and separation zone. With the increasing of discharge ratio R(the ratio of tributary to mainstream), within the backwater zone, the top support action of tributary becomes stronger, and the water level is high; within the mixing zone, the flow velocity decreases because of the enhanced interaction between tributary and mainstream; within the extrusion zone, the position of the highest velocity is closer to right bank and the high speed belt is narrower with the enhancing of the extrusion. Under the compression effect fromthe mainstream, the flow direction of tributary which flows into mainstream with right-angle will change observably. However, the curved bank of the Baisha River can make the tributary flow along the riverbank and adjust the flow direction simultaneously, which will restrain the formation of the separation zone effectively. In the two comparisoncases that the tributary stays the same while the mainstream flow changes, the greater the difference between the mainstream and the tributary, the stronger the mainstream's backwater effect is to the tributary, the longer the distance from the supporting point to the confluence zone, and the larger the backwater zone is. This study can provide theoretical basis for flood control and river regulation of the Dujiangyan reach by revealing the flow characteristics of mainstream and tributary when they impact, extrude and mix with each otherat the confluence zone.

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