基于位移连续监测的采场两带变形垮落特性试验研究
Experimental Study on Deformation and Collapse Characteristics of Two Stope Belts Based on Continuous Displacement Monitoring
作者：张庆贺(安徽理工大学 深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室, 安徽 淮南 232001;深部煤炭开采与环境保护国家重点实验室, 安徽 淮南 232001;安徽理工大学 矿山地下工程教育部工程研究中心, 安徽 淮南 232001)；杨科(安徽理工大学 深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室, 安徽 淮南 232001)；袁亮(安徽理工大学 深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室, 安徽 淮南 232001)；段昌瑞(深部煤炭开采与环境保护国家重点实验室, 安徽 淮南 232001)
Author：ZHANG Qinghe(State Key Lab. Mine Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine, Anhui Univ. of Sci. and Technol., Huainan 232001, China;State Key Lab. of Deep Coal Mining and Environment Protection, Huainan 232001, China;Research Center of Mine Underground Eng. of Ministry of Education, Anhui Univ. of Sci. and Technol., Huainan 232001, China)；YANG Ke(State Key Lab. Mine Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine, Anhui Univ. of Sci. and Technol., Huainan 232001, China)；YUAN Liang(State Key Lab. Mine Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mine, Anhui Univ. of Sci. and Technol., Huainan 232001, China)；DUAN Changrui(State Key Lab. of Deep Coal Mining and Environment Protection, Huainan 232001, China)
收稿日期：2018-09-01 年卷（期）页码：2019,51(3):36-42
期刊名称：工程科学与技术
Journal Name：Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字：煤与瓦斯共采;裂隙;冒落带;模拟试验;位移采集
Key words：coal and gas co-production;crack;caving zone;simulation test;displacement acquisition
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（51804008）；安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目（1704a0802129）
中文摘要
相似模拟试验是研究采动覆岩垮落带和裂隙带特征的有效方法，岩层位移的准确监测是采场两带高度试验研究的关键。为实现准确、连续、实时地监测采动覆岩位移，提出模型内部位移测试原理，研发了以微型多点位移计、光栅尺和可视化软件等组成的光栅位移连续监测装置。借助此装置并基于相似模拟试验，研究了工作面采动覆岩两带变形垮落特性。研究表明：1）光栅位移连续监测装置可连续监测模型内部测点位移，结果与模型表面散点位移结果吻合。2）在试验模型表面不暴露的情况下，本文方法可有效监测试验模型内部的测点位移。3）基于位移连续监测模拟试验得到了某煤矿采煤工作面采场两带高度，其中：垮落带高度为8.0 m，约为采高的6.3倍；裂隙发育高度为30.0 m，约为采高的24倍。4）采场垮落带垂直位移具有阶梯状的变化规律，裂隙带垂直位移变化相对平缓，可据此判断垮落带和裂隙带的分界，为工程现场两带高度鉴定提供参考。
英文摘要
Similar simulation test is an effective way to study the height of mining overburden caving zone and fracture zone, and accurate monitoring of strata displacement is the key to study the height of the zones. In order to achieve accurate, continuous and real-time monitoring of displacement of cover rock, the test requirements and implementation principles of the internal displacement of the model were put out. A continuous displacement monitoring device consisting of micro multi-point displacement meter, grating ruler, data acquisition instrument and visualization software was developed. With the help of the device and simulation experiment, characteristics of cover rock of a mine was researched. The results showed that:1) The continuous displacement monitoring device could continuously monitor the displacement of measuring points inside the model, and the test results were consistent with the results of the surface displacement of the model. 2) When the test model surface was not exposed, this method could effectively monitor the displacement in the test model. 3) The height of the caving zone was 8.0 m, which was about 6.3 times of the mining height. The height of the crack growth was 30.0 m in the mine,which was about 24 times of the mining height. 4) The vertical displacement of the caving zone has a "ladder like" rule, while the vertical displacement of the fracture zone was relatively gentle and the vertical displacement of the fracture zone changed relatively gently, and then the boundary between the fallen zone and the fracture zone can be judged accordingly.
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