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论文摘要

膜蒸馏用管式疏水陶瓷膜制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of Hydrophobic Tubular Ceramic Membrane for Membrane Distillation

作者:陈志(四川大学 化学工程学院, 四川 成都 610065);杨进飞(四川大学 化学工程学院, 四川 成都 610065);唐超(四川大学 化学工程学院, 四川 成都 610065);李恋(四川大学 化学工程学院, 四川 成都 610065)

Author:CHEN Zhi(School of Chemical Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China);YANG Jinfei(School of Chemical Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China);TANG Chao(School of Chemical Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China);LI Lian(School of Chemical Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)

收稿日期:2018-08-27          年卷(期)页码:2019,51(4):192-198

期刊名称:工程科学与技术

Journal Name:Advanced Engineering Sciences

关键字:膜蒸馏;管式陶瓷膜;氟硅烷;疏水改性;苦咸水淡化

Key words:membrane distillation;tubular ceramic membrane;FAS;hydrophobic modification;desalination

基金项目:

中文摘要

针对膜蒸馏用管式疏水陶瓷膜盐截留率较低的问题进行了实验研究。首先,用自制的氧化物AB与去离子水按一定比例混合,对陶瓷膜管支撑体两端进行均匀涂抹,然后在高温下烧结,对两端进行玻璃化密封,解决了其端面短路流问题。然后,在室温条件下,采用溶液体积为50 mL、浓度为0.01 mol/L的 1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三乙基氧硅烷(C16H19F17O3Si,简称FAS)的异丙醇溶液对玻璃化后的陶瓷膜管进行疏水改性,制备疏水性FAS-ZrO2-Al2O3复合膜。通过增加接枝改性次数(每次疏水改性时间为3 d),以改性后的疏水陶瓷膜管纯水穿透压力为指标,考察膜管的疏水性能。然后对每根膜管进行AGMD实验,疏水膜管内表面的SEM分析、IR分析和水接触角测试。结果表明:在NaCl热溶液温度75 ℃、流量25 L/h、质量浓度为2%,冷却水温度15 ℃以及流量为50 L/h的实验条件下,综合性能最好的是3#膜管,膜蒸馏通量达到4.29 kg/(m2·h),截留率达到99.83%;使用FAS改性陶瓷膜管内表面的ZrO2膜层,氟硅烷中的两个疏水基团CxF2x+1和Si-CH2CH2·CxF2x+1都成功地接枝聚合到了陶瓷膜表面形成很好的疏水表面,水接触角达到142°。因此,经过FAS疏水改性后的FAS-ZrO2-Al2O3复合膜符合膜蒸馏用膜要求,可以通过AGMD淡化高盐度苦咸水,得到高纯度的水。

英文摘要

An experimental study was conducted on the problem of low salt rejection of tubular hydrophobic ceramic membranes for membrane distillation. First, the both ends of a ceramic membrane support were uniformly coated with mixture of self-made oxide AB and deionized water in the given ratio and sintered at a high temperature, and the ends were vitrified and sealed in order to solve the problem of the short circuit flow from the end face. Then, at room temperature, hydrophobic modification of the tubular support was carried out by using the isopropanol solution of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethyloxysilane (C16H19F17O3Si, FAS) with the solution volume of 50 mL and a concentration of 0.01 mol/L to prepare a hydrophobic FAS-ZrO2-Al2O3composite membrane. By increasing the number of grafting modification times (3 days per time), the hydrophobic properties of the membrane tubes were investigated by using the pure water penetrating pressure of the hydrophobic tubular ceramic membrane as the index. And the modified membrane tubes were used to carry out AGMD experiments. The analysis of SEM, IR and water contact angle test were used to observe and determine the hydrophobic nature of the inner surface of the tubular membranes. The results showed that under the conditions of NaCl thermal solution temperature of 75 ℃, bulk flow rate of 25 L/h, concentration of 2%, cooling water temperature of 15 ℃ and flow rate of 50 L/h, the best comprehensive performance was 3#membrane tube whose membrane distillation flux reached 4.29 kg/(m2·h) and rejection rate was 99.83%. The two hydrophobic groups CxF2x+1and Si-CH2CH2·CxF2x+1in the fluorosilane were successfully grafted on the inner surface of the tubular ZrO2-Al2O3ceramic membrane by using 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane to modify the ceramic membrane tube. The inner surface of the tube formed a very good hydrophobic layer and the water contact angle was of 142°. Therefore, the FAS-ZrO2-Al2O3composite membrane met the requirements for membrane distillation, which makes it possible to desalinate high-salt brackish water by AGMD in order to obtain high-purity water.

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