水电站调压室施工通风数值模拟与检测反馈研究
Numerical Simulation and Detection Feedback of Ventilation in the Surge-chamber of a Hydropower Station
作者：华天波(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065;四川大学 水利水电学院, 四川 成都 610065)；王勇胜(中国电建集团 成都勘测设计研究院有限公司, 四川 成都 610072)；姚强(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065;四川大学 水利水电学院, 四川 成都 610065)；杨兴国(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065;四川大学 水利水电学院, 四川 成都 610065)；李洪涛(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610065;四川大学 水利水电学院, 四川 成都 610065)
Author：HUA Tianbo(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China;College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)；WANG Yongsheng(Powerchina Chengdu Eng. Corporation, Chengdu 610072, China)；YAO Qiang(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China;College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)；YANG Xingguo(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China;College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)；LI Hongtao(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China;College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)
收稿日期：2016-04-20 年卷（期）页码：2017,49(3):29-36
期刊名称：工程科学与技术
Journal Name：Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字：地下洞室群;调压室;施工通风;数值模拟;现场检测
Key words：underground cavern group;surge-chamber;construction ventilation;numerical simulation;field test
基金项目：国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2014BAB03B04）；四川大学青年教师科研启动基金资助项目（2016SCU11039）
中文摘要
大型地下洞室群施工期通风散烟效果直接影响施工效率和施工人员安全，结合黄金坪水电站地下厂房调压室工程，借助数值模拟和现场检测方法动态调整通风方案。采用FLUENT软件模拟洞室内通风流场，结果表明在初始通风方案下调压室风速总体满足规范要求，但在洞室交叉等边角处风速小于0.25 m/s，建议在洞室交叉处增设负压风机和射流风机，并封闭已完工且无后续通风需求的上层施工支洞，从实测结果来看，以上措施取得了良好的效果，洞室边角处的风流速度明显加快，均达到了规范要求。对地下洞室群通风质量进行现场跟踪检测，结果表明：初始通风方案经过优化后，洞室群风速总体有一定的增加；分析风速、风温、粉尘浓度3要素的相关性发现风速与粉尘浓度和风温呈明显的负相关；从风流要素沿程变化趋势来看，当洞室群内整体或局部区段风速低于0.5 m/s时，洞内温度基本都高于规范规定的28 ℃，粉尘浓度均大幅超过国家安全标准10 mg/m3，故针对工程实际情况，为有效保证通风质量，建议工程中地下洞室群在开挖时洞内风速应不低于0.5 m/s。从实测数据可以发现，现场通风环境复杂，各洞室交叉处通风流场很不稳定，因此建议同类工程在有条件的情况下，在施工现场增设风流要素实时检测点，根据现场检测结果对通风方案进行动态优化，以全方位保证通风质量。
英文摘要
The ventilation effect has a direct influence on the efficiency and security of the construction of underground cavern group.Based on the surge-chamber project of Huangjinping hydropower station,the ventilation plan was dynamically adjusted by the results of numerical simulation and field test.The ventilation flow field simulated by FLUENT showed that the wind speed under the initial ventilation scheme can generally meet the requirements of the specification,while in some corners it was lower than 0.25 m/s.Thus some negative pressure blowers and jet fans have been added at the intersection of the caverns and it is recommended to block the completed upper-construction adit that does not need ventilation.From the measured data,the above measures have achieved the objectives,i.e.,the wind speed in the corner of the chamber has increased significantly,meeting the standard requirement.The on-site test of ventilation showed that the wind speed of the cavern group has a certain increase after the optimization of the initial ventilation scheme.It is found that the wind speed had a negative correlation with dust concentration and temperature.From the trend of changing wind along the cavern,the temperature essentially exceeded the standard of 28 ℃ and the dust concentration significantly outpaced the national standard of 10 mg/m3when the wind speed was lower than 0.5 m/s in the whole or some sections of the cavern group.Therefore,in order to ensure the quality of ventilation,it was suggested that the wind speed in the underground cavern group during the excavation process should be no less than 0.5 m/s.From the measured data,it can be found that the ventilation environment was complex and the ventilation flow field at the intersection of the caverns was very unstable.Therefore,it was suggested that the similar project should be provided with real-time detection points of airflow elements whenever necessary,and the ventilation scheme should be dynamically optimized according to the field test results to ensure the ventilation quality in all time.
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