基于临界支撑流量的西藏典型河流源头位置确定及河网解析研究
DeterminationofaRiverheadBasedonCriticalSupportDischargeandRiverNetworkAnalysis
作者:沙玉坤(中国科学院 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室;中国科学院大学);程根伟(中国科学院 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室;中国科学院大学);李卫朋(中国科学院 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室;中国科学院大学);范继辉(中国科学院 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室)
Author:Sha Yukun(KeyLab.ofMountainSurfaceProcessandEcologicalRegulation,Inst.ofMountainHazardandEnvironment,CAS;Univ.ofChineseAcademyofSciences);Cheng Genwei(KeyLab.ofMountainSurfaceProcessandEcologicalRegulation,Inst.ofMountainHazardandEnvironment,CAS;Univ.ofChineseAcademyofSciences);Li Weipeng(KeyLab.ofMountainSurfaceProcessandEcologicalRegulation,Inst.ofMountainHazardandEnvironment,CAS;Univ.ofChineseAcademyofSciences);Fan Jihui(KeyLab.ofMountainSurfaceProcessandEcologicalRegulation,Inst.ofMountainHazardandEnvironment,CAS)
收稿日期:2014-04-01 年卷(期)页码:2014,46(6):49-55
期刊名称:工程科学与技术
Journal Name:Advanced Engineering Sciences
关键字:河网提取;临界支撑流量;水文气候条件;河流源头
Key words:rivernetworkextraction;criticalsupportdischarge;hydro-climateconditions;riverhead
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(31070405);中国科学院知识创新项目资助(KZCX2-XB3-08)
中文摘要
河源作为河流形成环境的重要标志,需要一个简单且客观有效的判定方法。提出一种基于临界支撑流量(CSD)的河源集水面积计算模型,并且建立最小集水面积CSA和CSD的关系。利用该模型在西藏的2个流域(拉萨河的堆龙曲、尼洋河白水曲)进行对比研究,结果表明,堆龙曲的临界支撑流量(Qc)为0.002 8 m3/s,而白水曲为0.008 5 m3/s。另外,临界支撑流量可随水文气候条件而变化,湿润地区(白水曲)的临界支撑流量Qc要比半干旱地区(堆龙曲)的大。所提出的临界支撑流量(CSD)概念和模型方法可以用于在复杂的地理区域确定河源的水文学指标,它也可以反映出不同地区水文气候变化对河流补给的影响。
英文摘要
A new model referring to the relation of CSA and CSD was proposed,which was based on the physical mechanism for the origin of river heads.The feasibility of the model was verified by using two watersheds of Duilongqu basin of Lhasa River and Beishuiqu basin of Niyang River in Tibet to calculate the CSA and extract river networks.The comparison results of river networks derived from DEM with real ones indicated that the critical support dischargeQcare (0.002 8 ±0.001) m3/s in Duilongqu and (0.008 5±0.001) m3/s in Beishuiqu,respectively.The CSD can vary with hydro-climate conditions. It was higher in humid region and lower in arid region.Using this method, the optimal critical support dischargeQcof 0.008 5 m3/s in Beishuiqu basin (humid region) was greater than 0.002 8 m3/s for Duilongqu (semi-arid region).The suggested method provided a new application approach that could be used to determine CSD (Qc)in complex geographical regions,and the effect of hydro-climate change could be reflected.
【关闭】