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论文摘要

超声波降解乐果的动力学和影响因素分析

Analysis on the sonolytic degradation of dimethoate:impact factors and kinetics

作者:郭洪光(同济大学环境科学与工程学院);高乃云(同济大学环境科学与工程学院);姚娟娟(同济大学环境科学与工程学院);马艳(同济大学环境科学与工程学院)

Author:Guo Hong-Guang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University);Gao Nai-Yun(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University);Yao Juan-Juan(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University);Ma Yan(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University)

收稿日期:2010-01-20          年卷(期)页码:2011,43(1):208-213

期刊名称:工程科学与技术

Journal Name:Advanced Engineering Sciences

关键字:超声降解;乐果;动力学;影响因素

Key words:sonolytic degradation;dimethoate;kinetics;impact factors

基金项目:国家科技重大专项资助; 国家“十一五”科技支撑计划;国家自然科学基金资助项目

中文摘要

针对传统工艺难以去除水中的农药微污染问题,采用超声波工艺降解有机磷农药乐果,研究了超声波频率、功率、初始浓度、初始pH值、无机离子及腐植酸对乐果去除率的影响。结果表明,超声波降解乐果最佳频率为600 kHz;降解速率常数随着输出功率增加而提高,随初始浓度增大而减小;溶液中无机离子对降解速率有不同影响, 和 具有抑制作用, 和 具有促进作用;初始溶液中的腐植酸会降低反应速率,且随着腐植酸浓度的增加,其抑制作用加强;在反应初始阶段,较低pH有利于乐果降解。试验证明超声波可以有效去除水中残余乐果,并提出了该工艺降解乐果的反应机理。

英文摘要

The presence of phosphorus pesticides in the aquatic environment has raised concerns due to the poor degradation in conventional water treatment plants.In this study,sonolytic degradation of dimethoate in aqueous solution was investigated.The effects on its degradation rate by ultrasonic frequency and power, dimethoate’s initial concentration and initial pH value, and the concentration of humic acid and different ions are studied.The results indicate that at the conditions in question,600 kHz is the optimal frequency for dimethoate degradation and the degradation rate of dimethoate increased with enhancement of input power and decreasing initial concentration.The added inorganic ions can contribute diverse effects on the degradation.Carbonate and bicarbonate ions have negative effecst while bromonium and ferrous ions have positive effects.During the initial period,lower pH value is favorable,however,the constant of degradation rate decreases as the concentration of pre-existing humic acid increases.It is proved that sonolytic process has shown great potential for the removal of dimethoate.Besides,the mechanism of the degradation is also proposed.

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