In order to study the relationships between the grinding temperature and grinding parameters for constant pressure grinding process, a finite element thermal model was derived and expressed. So the grinding process and quality was improved. Based on the elastic contact analysis in the grinding contact area, the heat distribution of the grinding contact area was studied for the constant pressure belt grinding process.A finite element thermal model was implemented.Thermal phenomena were analyzed in the constant pressure belt grinding process.The experiments of grinding temperature were completed. The results showed that most of grinding heat concentrates in the middle of a wide contact area. Grinding temperature rises faster in the heating stage, and drops slow in the cooling stage. When the grinding area is large, the grinding heat distribution is more average. Experiments of the constant pressure grinding process used two temperature measurement methods of buried outcrop and shallow buried. The grinding temperature was measured on the surface and under the surface in grinding area. Experiment results and simulation results were probably consistent.