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论文摘要

非均匀沙起动流速研究与比较

Study and Comparison on Incipient Velocity for Non-uniform Sediment

作者:王涛(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610065);刘兴年(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610065);黄尔(四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610065)

Author:(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China);(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China);(State Key Lab. of Hydraulics and Mountain River Eng., Sichuan Univ., Chengdu 610065, China)

收稿日期:2007-09-13          年卷(期)页码:2008,40(1):16-20

期刊名称:工程科学与技术

Journal Name:Advanced Engineering Sciences

关键字:非均匀沙;起动流速;起动系数;起动环境

Key words:non uniform sediment; incipient velocity; incipient coefficient; incipient condition

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(50579041)

中文摘要

在现有泥沙起动研究成果的基础上,通过理论分析、公式转换和比较,得出即使对均匀沙,起动流速公式的起动系数K也不应是常数,K应随着起动环境的改变而变化,现有各公式的起动系数K是不同的常数,这就影响了各公式的适用范围。分析表明,影响起动环境的因素有水流条件、床面泥沙颗粒特性、泥沙颗粒和水流条件之间的相对关系等,给出了各影响因素的数理表达式,建立了非均匀沙起动流速公式,公式计算值与实测资料符合良好。本文公式与几个常用的起动流速公式的比较结果表明,公式精度较高。

英文摘要

It is found that most of incipient velocity formulas’ incipient coefficient K is a variant by analyzing and comparing some existing incipient velocity formulas. This paper points out the reason why coefficient K is variable. Theoretical analysis indicates that the coefficient K should not be a constant even for uniform sediment, while K should vary with the change of incipient condition, which is why many kinds of incipient velocity formulas are not accurate enough. Flow depth, non uniformity, and shape of sediment, and the relativity between the size of sediment and flow depth are factors which influence incipient condition. A incipient velocity formula is put forward based on these factors, and agrees well with the field and experimental data. Through comparison,it is found that the formula is superior to Zhang Rui jin’s formula, Shamov’s formula and Zhang Qi wei’s formula.

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