To investigate the effects of sodium butyrate on the quantity of calcium oxalate stones, intestinal flora, and inflammation related factors in rats with renal calcium oxalate stones, and to explore the possible mechanism of its intervention in the formation of calcium oxalate stones, rats were induced with ethylene glycol into a calcium oxalate stone model, and treated with sodium butyrate. Kidney histological examination was performed, and qPCR was used to detect the relative abundance of specific intestinal flora (Enterococcus, E.coli, Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Lactobacillus, Roseburia spp., Bacteroides, Firmicutes), and qPCR was also used to detect the mRNA relative expression levels of lipopolysaccharide receptor TLR4, proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and NF-κB p50. Compared with the renal calcium oxalate stones group, the number of calcium oxalate stones in the sodium butyrate group was significantly reduced (P0.05) . The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β and NF-κB p50 were significantly reduced (P0.05). Therefore, Sodium butyrate reduced the abundance of E.coli, Enterococcus and Bacteroides fragilis, inhibited the expression levels of colon inflammation related factors IL-1β and NF-κB p50, and reduced the number of calcium oxalate stones in rats.
