作为一种话语的颁奖辞——对于普利策新闻奖(1917—2014)的个案研究
Citation as a Discourse——A Case Study of the Pulitzer Prize in Journalism(1917-2014)
作者:黄顺铭;
Author:
收稿日期: 年卷(期)页码:2014,193(04):-48-58
期刊名称:四川大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
Journal Name:Journal of Sichuan University (Social Science Edition)
关键字:普利策新闻奖;嘉奖辞;社会功能;话语实践
Key words:
基金项目:教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“中国新闻从业者的‘阐释共同体’——对于当前几种主要新闻话语的研究”(13YJA860011);;
四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费研究专项项目“新闻奖制度与中国新闻从业者的激励机制”(skyb201205)
中文摘要
普利策新闻奖的嘉奖辞发挥着多重社会功能:提名委员会用提名辞来筛选出少数入围者;普利策奖委员会用颁奖辞来合法化所生产的奖项;颁奖辞有助于新闻从业者形成自己的"诠释社群";在颁奖礼上被当众宣读的颁奖辞发挥着仪式性的功能;嘉奖辞也是一扇展示奖项形象的窗户。尽管普利策新闻奖颁奖辞短小而简单,但其话语实践却颇为复杂:大多数颁奖辞是创造性而非机械性的,是意见型而非事实型的;共同奖的颁奖辞有两种不同的话语策略;在某件作品或某位参评者是否体现了新闻传统方面,提名委员会和普利策奖委员会之间存在巨大的认知差距。
参考文献
①黄顺铭:《制造普利策新闻奖:一个“把关/把关人”的研究取径》,《国际新闻界》2011年第3期。
①最近三年,分别收到了1113、1081和1132件参评作品。参见http:∥www.pulitzer.org/files/2012/factsheet2012.pdf;http:∥www.pulitzer.org/files/2013/fact_sheet_13.pdf;http:∥www.pulitzer.org/files/2014/2014_FactSheet.pdf。
②David Shaw,Press Watch:A Provocative Look at How Newspapers Report the News,NY:Macmillan,1984,p.212.
③Shaw,Press Watch,pp.206-207.
④以上参见Heinz-D.Fischer and Erika J.Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000:Decision-Making Processes in All Award Categories Based on Unpublished Sources,Munchen:K.G.Saur.,2003,pp.182,80,27.
①Robert Marc Friedman,The Politics of Excellence:Behind the Nobel Prize in Science,NY:Times Books,2001,pp.58-68.
②Barbie Zelizer,“Journalists as Interpretive Communities,”Critical Studies in Mass Communication,Vol.10,No.3,1993,pp.219-237.
③Pierre Bourdieu and Jean-Claude Passeron,Reproduction in Education,Society,and Culture,London:Sage,1990,pp.x-xii.
④Shunming Huang,Manufacturing Professional Honor:Journalism Award Institution as Social Control in China,Unpublished Dissertation,City University of Hong Kong,2011,p.90.
①以上参见http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/Editorial-Writing;http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/Editorial-Cartooning;http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/Criticism。
①以上参见http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/International-Reporting;http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/InternationalReporting;http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/Criticism。
②Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,p.227.
③Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,p.137.
①Christoper H.Sterling,ed.,Encyclopedia of Journalism,Los Angeles,CA:Sage,2009,p.1872.
①参见http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/Reporting。
①此处及以下两处颁奖词和提名辞参见Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,pp.77,82,88.
②Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,pp.135,139.
①此处及以下两份颁奖辞参见Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,pp.57,25.
②Eric Hobsbawm,“Introduction:Inventing Traditions,”in Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger,eds.,The Invention of Tradition,Cambridge,MA:Cambridge University Press,1992,p.1.
③Douglass C.North,Institutions,Institutional Change and Economic Performance,Cambridge,MA:Cambridge University Press,1990,p.80.
①Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,p.33.
②黄惠萍:《媒介框架之预设判准效应与阅听人的政策评估:以核四案为例》,《新闻学研究》(台北)2003年第77期。
③以上参见Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,p.144,54.
④参见http:∥www.pulitzer.org/bycat/National-Reporting。
①以上参见Fischer and Fischer,Complete Historical Handbook of the Pulitzer Prize System,1917-2000,pp.102,23-24,33.
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