对话口译中的权力——口译社会学解读
Power in Face-to-face Interpreting Events——A Sociological Perspective of Interpreting
作者：任文;伊安·梅森;
Author：
收稿日期： 年卷（期）页码：2011,(06):-61-69
期刊名称：四川大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
Journal Name：Journal of Sichuan University (Social Science Edition）
关键字：口译;权力;体制性权力;交际性权力;定位;注视
Key words：
基金项目：
中文摘要
传统观念认为,职业译员应该是透明、隐身、被动、中立和超然的,这种理想化的译员角色建构却屡屡在现实对话口译事件中遭遇解构。对话口译可视为由当事双方和译员共同构成、发生在一定社会语境下的三向互动式交际事件,从福柯的权力观以及温格和布隆马尔特等人的相关理论出发,译员作为交际活动的共同建构者,是一个权力角色。尽管译员不具备体制性权力,但由于他掌握着双语双文化资源,却拥有交际过程中的权力,这可以从译员选择成为共同谈话人、赋权角色、采取非中立立场的社会行为表现出来。从真实口译场景中引证,聚焦译员的言语和非言语行为,特别是定位和注视等行为,分析译员的权力运作。
参考文献
①这样的观点在Metzger、Davidson、Inghilleri、Angelelli、Angelelli(“A Professional Ideology in the Making:Bilin-gual Youngsters Interpreting for their Communities and the Notion of(no)Choice”,Translation and Interpreting Studies,2010,Vol.5.No.1,p.p 94-108)、任文(《联络口译过程中译员的主体性意识研究》,外研社,2010年)等人的著述中都有讨论。部分作者的具体著述见参考文献,下同。
①参见Wadensj、Cynthia Roy(Interpreting as a Discourse Process,New York and Oxford:Oxford University Press,2000)、Collados-Aís、Angelelli等人著述。
②参见“澳大利亚口笔译协会道德规范”(AUSIT Code of Ethics),http://www.ausit.org/files//code_of_ethics/ethics.pdf.“加拿大翻译工作者协会道德规范和职业行为准则”(AVLIC Code of Ethics&Guidelines for Profes-sional Conduct),http://www.avlic.ca.
①来源:法庭频道,辛普森审前听证会。中文和方括弧内的英文为笔者所加,下同。ATT=attorney(律师);INT=interpreter(译员);W=witness(证人);J=judge(法官);(xxx)=inaudible or obscure(听不清);(5)=timed pause(以秒计算的停顿时间)
①美国法庭译员所接受的培训非常严格,他们必须、而且只能翻译所有讲话内容,不得介入和干预庭审过程。
②来源:Susan Berk-Seligson,The Bilingual Courtroom.Court Interpreters in the Judicial Process,University of ChicagoPress,1990.p.152.
①参见Inghilleri参考文献中所列著述以及其论文“Macro Social Theory,Linguistic Ethnography and Interpreting Re-search”,Taking Stock:Research and Methodology in Community Interpreting,edited by Erik Hertog and Bart van der Veer,Linguistica Antverpiensia,2006,No.5,p.p 57-68;Valero Garcés,“Bourdieu y la traducción e interpretación en los serviciospúblicos.Hacia una teoría social”,MonTI,Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación,2010,No.2,p.p 97-117.
①来源:英国电视第4频道纪录片《非法移民》,1997-09-30;例四、五来源同。IO=immigration officer(移民官员);IMM=immigrant(移民)。例五中:AS=asylum seeker(避难申请人)。
①来源:德国电视纪录片Menschen hautnah.Die Entscheider.WDR;转写:Maria Tillmann,The Pragmatics of Dia-logue Interpreting:Participant Moves in a German Asylum Interview,p.112.bold=emphasis(强调);(.)=short pause(短暂停顿)
①参见Wadensj、Bolden(“Toward Understanding Practices of Medical Interpreting:Interpreters’Involvement in His-tory Taking”,Discourse Studies 2000,Vol.2,No.4,p.p387-419)、Davidson、Pllabauer、Angelelli等人著述。
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