Objective To investigate new bone formation of alveolar augmentation with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein- 7（rhBMP- 7） expressed in prokaryocyte. Methods To create the model of rabbit extraction socket into which the composites of rhBMP- 7 and the gelatin sponge was immediately implanted, then the samples were investigated 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively by gross observation, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, quantitative measurement of calcium content and alkaline phosphatase（ALP） activity. Results There was significant difference in height of alveolar ridge absorpted between the experimental groups and the carrier control groups through gross observation. The result of SEM showed that bone healing in rhBMP- 7 groups was 4- 6 weeks earlier than that of control groups. ALP activity in rhBMP- 7 groups were obviously high compared with that of control groups. Conclusion The BMP- 7 has a satisfactory osteoinduction ability to promote new bone formation and prevent alveolar bone absorption.
